One case report of CT and MR features of pancreatic schwannoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Pancreatic schwannoma is extremely rare. In this paper, the clinical, pathological and imaging features of a case of pancreatic schwannoma were retrospectively analyzed and the literatures were reviewed to improve the diagnostic ability.

The value of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid enhanced MRI in the prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the predictive value of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced MRI for microvascular invision (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Retrospective analysis of 70 patients confirmed by pathology as HCC who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI within 2 weeks prior to liver partial resection or liver transplantation surgery from January 2015 to May 2018 in Nantong Third People's Hospital. According to the pathological results of the postoperative pathology, MVI was divided into MVI positive group and MVI negative group, and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was recorded. In Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI, qualitative indicators including whether the tumor signal was uniform, peritumoral enhancement, tumor capsule, tumor margin, peritumor hypointensity and presence of fat in the tumor were assessed. Quantitative indicators including tumor diameter and the increase rate of liver-to-muscle ratio(ΔLMR) of post-enhancement arterial phase, portal vein phase, transitional phase and hepatobiliary phase were assessed and recorded. Theχ2 test was used to compare the qualitative parameters of the MVI-negative group and the MVI-positive group, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the non-normal quantitative parameters. In both inclusion and non-inclusion of peritumor hypointensity cases in the hepatobiliary phase. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to indicate independent variables after univariate analysis. The prediction probability 1 (pre-1) and the prediction probability 2 (pre-2) were obtained, and the two as independent variables. with MVI as the gold standard, using ROC to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of both for HCC MVI, and using Z test to compare the area under the ROC of pre-1 and pre-2. Results There were 27 lesions in 26 cases of MVI-positive group and 50 lesions in 44 cases of MVI-negative group. There was a statistically significant difference between the MVI-negative group and the MVI-positive group in peritumoral enhancement, tumor capsule, tumor margin and peritumor hypointensity in the hepatobiliary phase (P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in gender distribution, tumor signal uniformity and intratumoral fat (P>0.05). There was significant difference in lesion diameter between MVI-negative group and MVI-positive group (P<0.05) while no significant difference in age, AFP value andΔLMR between the two groups (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor diameter, non-smooth tumor margin and peritumor hypointensity were independent risks of MVI when peritumor hypointensity was included, the sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis of MVI were 77.8％ and 94.0％;Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor diameter and non-smooth tumor margin were independent risks of MVI when peritumor hypointensity was not included, the sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis of MVI were 59.3％and 92.0％. The the area under the ROC of pre-1 and pre-2 were 0.900 and 0.816, their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI can be used to predict HCC MVI preoperatively, especially peritumor hypointensity in hepatobiliary phase is important for the prediction of MVI.

Ultrasound Observation of Fetal Lung Maturity in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To study the sonographic features of fetal lung in normal and preeclampic pregnancies,with follow-up on the occurrence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS),as well as,examine the effects of preeclampsia (PE) on fetal lung maturity (FLM).Methods We collected data from 140 cases during the early pregnancy period (29 to ＜34 weeks),100 cases during the late pregnancy period (34 to 39 weeks),as well as 240 cases of normal pregnancies with the same gestational ages for the contwl group.Data included the parameters of fetal lung maturity measured by ultrasound and the incidence of NRDS postpartum.We analyzed the effects of PE on fetal lung maturity.Results The right fetal lung from the early onset PE group was significantly smaller than that of the normal group.There was no difference in the right lung area between the PE group and the normal group of the same gestational age.Compared with the normal group of the same gestational age,the LHR group had no difference in the early and late PE groups.The acceleration time/ejection time of the main pulmonary artery in the early and late PE group was significantly higher than that of the normal group.There was no difference in the incidence of NRDS among all the groups of the same gestational age.Conclusion PE has no significant effect on fetal lung function or maturation of the pulmonary tissues.Lung maturation may precede the same gestational age without PE.

Oncogenic miR-19a and miR-19b co-regulate tumor suppressor MTUS1 to promote cell proliferation and migration in lung cancer

MTUS1 (microtubule-associated tumor suppressor 1) has been identified that can function as a tumor suppressor gene in many malignant tumors. However, the function and mechanisms underlying the regulation of MTUS1 are unclear. In the present study, we reported that miR-19a and miR-19b (miR-19a/b) promote proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells by targeting MTUS1. First, MTUS1 was proved to function as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer and was linked to cell proliferation and migration promotion. Second, an inverse correlation between miR-19a/b expression and MTUS1 mRNA/protein expression was noted in human lung cancer tissues. Third, MTUS1 was appraised as a direct target of miR-19a/b by bioinformatics analysis. Fourth, direct MTUS1 regulation by miR-19a/b in lung cancer cells was experimentally affirmed by cell transfection assay and luciferase reporter assay. Finally, miR-19a/b were shown to cooperatively repress MTUS1 expression and synergistically regulate MTUS1 expression to promote lung cancer cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, our findings have provided the first clues regarding the roles of miR-19a/b, which appear to function as oncomirs in lung cancer by downregulating MTUS1.

Evaluation of right heart function in patients with acute pulmonary embolism by 256-slice spiral pulmo-nary artery angiography / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore value of 256-slice spiral CT pulmonary artery angiography (CTPA)evaluating right heart function in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE).Methods:According to death risk assessment of APE patients, a total of 67 APE patients were divided into high risk APE group (n=41)and non-high risk APE group (n=35).CTPA was used to analyze and compare CTPA obstructive index and right heart function indexes between two groups.Correlations among CTPA obstructive index and right heart function indexes were also analyzed.Results:Compared with non-high risk APE group,there were significant rise in CTPA constructive index [8.58% vs.24.69%],percentages of straight or left protruded ventricular septum (31.46% vs.73.17%)and bronchial artery dilation (5.71% vs.24.69%);Except the supe- rior vena cava diameter,the rest right heart function parameters had difference significance in two groups,P<0.05 or<0.01. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that CTPA obstructive index was significant positively correlated with right ventricular maximal short axis (RVMSA),RV:LV,diameters of main pulmonary artery,superior vena cava and azygos (r=0.684~0.954),and significant inversely correlated with LVMSA (r=-0.786),P<0.01 all.ROC curve analysis indicated that AUCs of CTPA RV:LV (0.949)was the biggest diagnosing APE severity.Conclusion:Right heart func- tion indexes measured by multi-detector CT are accurate and practical indexes evaluating APE severity,and it possesses im- portant significance.

MiR-29b suppresses the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells by targeting CDK6

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary sarcoma of bone, and it is a leading cause of cancer death among adolescents and young adults. However, the molecular mechanism underlying osteosarcoma carcinogenesis remains poorly understood. Recently, cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was identified as an important oncogene. We found that CDK6 protein level, rather than CDK6 mRNA level, is much higher in osteosarcoma tissues than in normal adjacent tissues, which indicates a post-transcriptional mechanism involved in CDK6 regulation in osteosarcoma. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that repress gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have widely been shown to play important roles in many human cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-29b as a novel regulator of CDK6 using bioinformatics methods. We demonstrated that CDK6 can be downregulated by miR-29b via binding to the 3'-UTR region in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, we identified an inverse correlation between miR-29b and CDK6 protein levels in osteosarcoma tissues. Finally, we examined the function of miR-29b-driven repression of CDK6 expression in osteosarcoma cells. The results revealed that miR-29b acts as a tumor suppressor of osteosarcoma by targeting CDK6 in the proliferation and migration processes. Taken together, our results highlight an important role for miR-29b in the regulation of CDK6 in osteosarcoma and may open new avenues for future osteosarcoma therapies.

miR-181b functions as an oncomiR in colorectal cancer by targeting PDCD4

Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a RNA-binding protein that acts as a tumor suppressor in many cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). During CRC carcinogenesis, PDCD4 protein levels remarkably decrease, but the underlying molecular mechanism for decreased PDCD4 expression is not fully understood. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analysis to identify miRNAs that potentially target PDCD4. We demonstrated miR-181b as a direct regulator of PDCD4. We further showed that activation of IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway increased miR-181b expression and consequently resulted in downregulation of PDCD4 in CRC cells. In addition, we investigated the biological effects of PDCD4 inhibition by miR-181b both in vitro and in vivo and found that miR-181b could promote cell proliferation and migration and suppress apoptosis in CRC cells and accelerate tumor growth in xenograft mice, potentially through targeting PDCD4. Taken together, this study highlights an oncomiR role for miR-181b in regulating PDCD4 in CRC and suggests that miR-181b may be a novel molecular therapeutic target for CRC.

miR-10a inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis by targeting BCL6 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

The BCL6 (B-Cell Lymphoma 6) gene is a proto-oncogene that is often expressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). BCL6 loss of function can kill DLBCL cells, demonstrating that BCL6 is necessary for the survival of DLBCL cells and could be a therapeutic target. In this study, we found that BCL6 protein levels were consistently upregulated in DLBCL tissues, whereas its mRNA levels varied randomly in tissues, suggesting that a post-transcriptional mechanism was involved in BCL6 regulation. We used bioinformatics analysis to search for miRNAs, which potentially target BCL6, and identified specific targeting sites for miR-10a in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of BCL6. We further identified an inverse correlation between miR-10a levels and BCL6 protein levels, but not mRNA levels, in DLBCL tumor tissue samples. By overexpressing or knocking down miR-10a in DLBCL cells, we experimentally validated that miR-10a directly recognizes the 3'-UTR of the BCL6 transcript and regulated BCL6 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that negatively regulating BCL6 by miR-10a suppressed the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of DLBCL cells.

Application values of multislice spiral CT in children malformation of large blood vessels outside the heart / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To analyze the application value of multislice spiral CT in diagnosis of children malformation of large blood vessels outside the heart.Methods The diagnosis results were compared between echocardiography and multislice spiral CT in 110 children with congenital heart disease,and the children had been confirmed by operation.Congenital heart disease was divided three kinds according to the region:heart,connections between heart and large blood vessels and large blood vessels outside the heart.Results One hundred and ten children with congenital heart disease were selected,and they had 366 malformations.The accuracy rates of echocardiography and multislice spiral CT were 90.7％ (332/366) and 95.6％ (350/366) respectively,and there was no statistical difference (x2 =3.284,P =0.070).In 366 malformations,160 malformations were in heart region.The accuracy rates of echocardiography and multislice spiral CT were 98.1％ (157/160) and 97.5％ (156/160) respectively,and there was no statistical difference (x2 =0.776,P =0.378).There were 55 malformations in connections between heart and large blood vessels.The accuracy rates of echocardiography and multislice spiral CT were 94.5％ (52/55) and 100.0％ (55/55) respectively,and there was no statistical difference (x2 =3.083,P =0.243).There were 151 malformations in large blood vessels outside the heart.The accuracy rates of echocardiography and multislice spiral CT were 81.5％(123/151) and 92.1％ (139/151) respectively,and there was statistical difference (x2 =7.377,P =0.01).Conclusion Multisltce spiral CT has great application value in diagnosis of children congenital heart disease,especially in malformation of large blood vessels outside the heart.

Screw plate fixation, intramedullary fixation and artificial femoral head replacement in the repair of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly: choice and comparison / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Nowadays,the internal fixation materials for the clinical treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures are broadly divided into two categories: intramedulary fixation system and extramedulary fixation system.Artificial femoral head replacement can be selected for unstable intertrochanteric fractures.However,the effects of diverse treatments usualy lack of macroscopical evaluation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate and compare the clinical effects of different surgical treatments for femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.METHODS:168 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures,who were treated in the Department of Orthopedics,Beijing Municipal Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces from June 2005 to June 2010,were enroled in this study.They were treated by screw plate fixation system (dynamic hip screw,dynamic condylar screw),intramedulary fixation system (Gamma 3 nail,expandable intramedulary nail) and artificial femoral head replacement,including 69 males and 99 females,at the age of 75-94 years,averagely 81.4 years.According to Evans type,there were 20 cases of type Ⅰ,43 cases of type Ⅱ,57 cases of type Ⅲ,33 cases of typeⅣ and 15 cases of type Ⅴ.Operative time,blood loss,weight-bearing ambulation time,and hip function were compared and evaluated in patients of each group.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After treatment,patients were folowed up for 14-39 months.At 12 months after treatment,Harris score was used to assess hip function in the affected side.Fracture was healed within 12 months.There was no significant difference in excelent and good rate among four groups (P＞0.05).Operative time and blood loss were significantly better in the expandable intramedulary nail group than in the other groups (P＜ 0.05).Weight-bearing ambulation time was significantly better in the artificial femoral head group than in the other groups (P＜ 0.01).Results suggest that according to fracture typing,in combination with osteoporosis in elderly patients,suitable repair method could improve therapeutic effects for femoral intertrochanteric fractures,and reduce postoperative complications.Dynamic hip screw is firstly selected for Evens types Ⅰ and Ⅱ stable intertrochanteric fractures.The intramedulary fixation system can be selected for unstable intertrochanteric fractures as Evans types Ⅲ-Ⅴ.Artificial hip arthroplasty is good for elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures as wel as severe osteoporosis.

Clinical analysis of 50 cases of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy / 中国基层医药

Objective To evlauate the clinical feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy in the treatment of colon carcinoma .Methods 100 patients with rightcolon carcinoma were divided into 2 groups,50 ca-ses in each group .The control group received open surgery ,and the observation group was treated by laparoscopic right hemicolectomy .The clinical effect and side effect of the two groups were compared .Results The patients of the two groups were all successfully operated .The intraoperative blood loss ,postoperative anal exhaust time ,postoperative hos-pital stay,incidence rate of postoperative complications in the observation group were (75 ±42)mL,(24.8 ±1.3)h, (7.5 ±2.0)d,4.0%,respectively,which were significantly better than those of the control group [(100 ±50)mL, (64.9 ±1.8)h,(12.1 ±3.4)d,10.0%](χ2 =5.02,9.28,11.70,9.87,all P<0.05);Conclusion The laparo-scopic right hemicolectomy in the treatment of rightcolon carcinoma is safe and feasible ,and the curative efficacy is outstanding .It can obviously improve the prognosis of patients ,which should be popularized and applied in clinical .

Clinical analysis of anastomotic leakage after colorectal cancer laparoscopic-assisted surgery / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the causes and prevention methods of postoperative anastomotic leakage after colorectal cancer laparoscopic-assisted surgery.Methods 100 patients with colorectal cancer underwent laparoscopic-assisted surgery,the data was collected and retrospectively analyzed.Results All patients were successfully done,there were 5 cases with anastomotic leakage (5％).There were significant correlations of anastomotic leakage with too strong anastomotic tension,insufficiency anastomotic blood supply,tumor location,size,operation time,preoperative radiotherapy,gender,age,obesity,diabetes,hypoalbuminemia,and so on.Conclusion The laparoscopic-assisted surgery of colorectal cancer has a curative efficacy,with the continuous improvement of laparoscopic technique and operation,as long as the proper measures were taken,the occurrence of anastomotic leakage can be prevented and reduced.

Nuclear microRNAs and their unconventional role in regulating non-coding RNAs

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. It has long been assumed that miRNAs exert their roles only in the cytoplasm, where they recognize their target protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and result in translational repression or target mRNA degradation. Recent studies, however, have revealed that mature miRNAs can also be transported from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and that these nuclear miRNAs can function in an unconventional manner to regulate the biogenesis and functions of ncRNAs (including miRNAs and long ncRNAs), adding a new layer of complexity to our understanding of gene regulation. In this review, we summarize recent literature on the working model of these unconventional miRNAs and speculate on their biological significance. We have every reason to believe that these novel models of miRNA function will become a major research topic in gene regulation in eukaryotes.

Association of heart rate variability with 5-minute Apgar score in neonates with severe asphyxia / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between 5-minute Apgar score and heart rate variability (HRV) in severely asphyxiated neonates. Methods A total of 103 severely asphyxiated neonates with 1-minute Apgar score of 0 to 3 points were selected. They were divided into Group A (>7 points, n=50) and Group B (≤7 points, n=53) based on 5-minute Apgar score. Meanwhile, 40 full-term neonates with 1-and 5-minute Apgar score greater than 7 points were selected as control group. 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram was performed and HRV was analyzed on the third day after birth in three groups. Results PNN50, rMSSD, SDSD were decreased and SDNN, SDANN were increased in group B as compared with group A and control group (P0.05). Conclusions Neonatal asphyxia can cause damage to autonomic nervous system. 5-minute Apgar score and HRV can be joint-ly used as a non-invasive index in autonomic nervous damage and its prognosis in asphyxiated newborns.

Clinical application of single-incision laparoscopy in treatment of small gastrointestinal stromal tumors / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical effect of single-incision laparoscopic surgery(SILS) in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).Methods Clinical data of 13 GIST patients who underwent SILS resection [tumor diameter (1.3 ± 0.5) cm] were retrospectively analyzed.Surgical method was summarized and the clinical outcome was evaluated.Results All patients were successfully implemented without open conversion.The incision length was (3.8 ± 0.6) cm.Operation time was (100.0 ± 34.6) min.Intraoperative blood was (70.0 ± 45.5) ml,hospitalization time was 1 ～ 4d.There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications,such as secondary haemorrhage,anastomotic leakage or obstruction.The patients were favorably healed.Conclusion Application of SILS in treatment of GIST is safe with small trauma,fast postoperative rehabilitation,and early curative effect is satisfactory.

Analysis of heart rate variability in functional ST-T changes in school-age children / 临床儿科杂志

Objectives To evaluate the clinical value of heart rate variability (HRV) analysis in school-age healthy chil-dren with functional ST-T changes in electrocardiogram (ECG). Methods In 143 school-age children (50 cases of functional ST-T changes, 43 cases of myocarditis children with ST-T change, 50 cases of healthy controls without ST-T changes), HRV time domain value was measured in three groups with 24 dynamic electrocardiogram. Results Compared with healthy controls, PNN50, rMSSD and SDSD were decreased while the heart rate, SDNN and SDANN were increased in children with functional ST-T changes (P all<0.05). Meanwhile, compared with children with functional ST-T changes and healthy controls, the heart rate was increased while PNN50, rMSSD, SDSD, SDNN and SDANN were decreased in the myocarditis children with ST-T change (P<0.05). Conclusions The autonomic nervous system of school-age children is not stable. The functional ST-T changes are related with the imbalance between sympathetic and vagus nerve activities. HRV analysis has important diagnostic signifi-cance in the functional ST-T changes.

Application of laparoscopic hepatectomy in liver tumor surgery / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical value of laparoscopic hepatectomy in liver tumor surgery.Methods The clinical data and follow-up results of 50 patients with liver tumors treated by laparoscopic hepatectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Results Laparoscopic liver resection was successful in 30 cases of primary liver cancer,10 cases of hepatic hemangioma,and 10 cases of other benign liver space occupying lesions (liver vascular smooth fatty tumor,focal nodular hyperplasia,hepatic abscess).Conclusion Laparoscopic hepatectomy as a minimally invasive treatment method is applicable to all parts of liver tumor surgery,and trauma is small,recovery is quick,and it is safe and feasible,and clinical effect is reliable.

Horizontal transfer of microRNAs: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications

A new class of RNA regulatory genes known as microRNAs (miRNAs) has been found to introduce a whole new layer of gene regulation in eukaryotes. The intensive studies of the past several years have demonstrated that miRNAs are not only found intracellularly, but are also detectable outside cells, including in various body fluids (e.g. serum, plasma, saliva, urine and milk). This phenomenon raises questions about the biological function of such extracellular miRNAs. Substantial amounts of extracellular miRNAs are enclosed in small membranous vesicles (e.g. exosomes, shedding vesicles and apoptotic bodies) or packaged with RNA-binding proteins (e.g. high-density lipoprotein, Argonaute 2 and nucleophosmin 1). These miRNAs may function as secreted signaling molecules to influence the recipient cell phenotypes. Furthermore, secreted extracellular miRNAs may reflect molecular changes in the cells from which they are derived and can therefore potentially serve as diagnostic indicators of disease. Several studies also point to the potential application of siRNA/miRNA delivery as a new therapeutic strategy for treating diseases. In this review, we summarize what is known about the mechanism of miRNA secretion. In addition, we describe the pathophysiological roles of secreted miRNAs and their clinical potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic drugs. We believe that miRNA transfer between cells will have a significant impact on biological research in the coming years.

Level of plasma snperoxide dismutase and effect of superoxide dismntase on patients with lung cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To detect the level of plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD) in patients with lung cancer and effect of chemotherapy(CGM + CBP) on it,and to investigate the role of SOD in the development .of lung cancer. Methods Xanthine oxidation enzyme was availabe to detect the level of plasma SOD in 30 cases of normal control subjects and 29 cases of patients with lung cancer before and after first, second, third cycle of chemotherapy. Resuits The levels of plasma SOD in lung cancer after chemotherapy were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.01). The level of plasma SOD in lung cancer after first and second chemo-cycle was higher than that before, but lower than that of control group(P＜0.01), the differences between after third chemo-cycle and control group were not significant(P＞0.05 ). The differences in squamoun cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma before chemothrapy and after were not significant (P＞0.05 ). The differences in squamoun cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and adenosquamoun carcinoma before chemotherapy and after were highly significant (P＜0.01 ). The differences in each chemo-cycle were highly significant (P＜0.01). Conclusion SOD played an important role in growth, regulation and treatment of lung cancer,and it might be a clinical index in lung cancer.